Christmas 2008

Hail Mary full of grace
Hail Mother of God and
Gateway of our salvation

Saint Mary's Cathedral

Cathedral of the Diocese of Trenton (NJ)

Cathedral of Saint John the Baptist

The Cathedral of the Diocese of Paterson

Cathedral of St. Francis of Assisi

Cathedral of the Diocese of Metuchen

Cathedral of the Immaculate Conception

Cathedral of the Diocese of Camden (NJ)

Basilica Cathedral of the Sacred Heart

Cathedral of the Archdiocese of Newark

Ecclesiastical Provence of Newark (NJ)

Archdiocese of Newark

Diocese of Camden
Diocese of Metuchen
Diocese of Paterson
Diocese of Trenton

Cathedral of Saint Paul

Cathedral of the Diocese of Pittsburgh (Pennsylvania).

Cathedral of Saint Peter

Cathedral of the Diocese of Erie (Pennsylvania)

Cathedral of the Most Blessed Sacrament

Cathedral of Diocese of Altoona-Johnstown (Pennsylvania)

Blessed Sacrament Cathedral

Cathedral of the Diocese of Greensburg (Pennsylvania).

Cathedral of Saint Patrick

Cathedral of Harrisburg (Pennsylvania)

Cathedral of Saint Catherine of Siena

Cathedral of the Diocese of Allentown (Pennsylvania)

Saint Peter's Cathedral

Cathedral of the Diocese of Scranton (Pennsylvania)

Basilica Cathedral of S.S. Peter and Paul

The Cathedral Basilica of the Archdiocese of Philadelphia (Pennsylvania)

Ecclesiastical Province of Philadelphia

Archdiocese of Philadelphia

Diocese of Allentown
Diocese of Altoona-Johnstown
Diocese of Erie
Diocese of Greensburg
Diocese of Harrisburg
Diocese of Pittsburgh
Diocese of Scranton

Cathedral of St. Paul

Cathedral of Saint Paul Worcester Mass.

Cathedral of the Immaculate Conception (Maine)

Diocese of Portland (Maine)

The Cathedral of the Immaculate Conception, which is presently enrolled in the National Register of Historic Places is perhaps the finest example of the 19th Century renowned ecclesiastical architect Patrick C. Keelery work. The structure is built in the neo- Gothic style typical of Keelerly, and can fit 900 persons.

Construction of the cathedral began in 1866, but on July 4th of the same year with the cathedral almost totally complete a fire broke out and destroyed the whole of the structure. Building resumed at once and on September 8th 1869 the cathedral was dedicated.

The Cathedral has three steeples, the highest of which soars 204' high, the tallest structure in Portland, overlooking Portland Harbor and Casco Bay to the east and the New Hampshire mountains to the west.

St. Joseph's Cathedral (NH)

Diocese of Manchester, New Hampshire.

St. Joseph Parish was established as a parish on April 19, 1869. It has served as the Cathedral as the principal parish church since the foundation of the Diocese in 1884.

Cathedral of Saint Mary's

Diocese of Fall River Mass.

The Cathedral of the Diocese of Fall River Massachusetts is dedicated to the Blessed Virgin Mary patroness of the Diocese of Fall River.

The Cathedral was built originally as a parish church and consecrated in 1901, after the creation of the diocese of Fall River in 1904, it was selected from to be the Cathedral church.

The Cathedral was last renovated in the late '70 to bring it into conformity with the prevailing liturgical-architectural theories of the times.

the

Co-Cathedral of Saint Joseph

Diocese of Burlington Vermont.

Founded in 1850 as the first French-Canadian national parish in New England, the parish church of St. Joseph was rededicated on Easter Sunday, April 10, 1887, and it has been renovated three times: in 1920; 1968 and 2001 In October 1999, it was elevated to the rank of a co-cathedral.

The Co-Cathedral is an exemplary example of French-Canadian baroque, and it is arguably the most beautiful Catholic church in the whole of the Diocese of Burlington.

The Cathedral of the Immaculate Conception

Diocese of Burlington Vermont.

The Diocese of Burlington Vermont is one of only three American dioceses that make use of a co-cathedral. The Cathedral of the Immaculate Conception, together with St. Joseph’s Cathedral are the seat of the bishops of Vermont.

After a devastating fire in 1972 destroyed the original historic cathedral and Rectory in downtown Burlington, the diocese of Burlington chose to construct a new, modern cathedral on the same site to serve Vermont’s Roman Catholic population. After reviewing a number of proposals for the design of the new cathedral, the diocese selected the team of New York architect Edward Larrabee Barnes and Vermont landscape architect Dan Kiley.

The Cathedral was Completed in 1977.

Cathedral of the Holy Cross

Archdiocese of Boston.

The Cathedral of the Holy Cross, located in Boston’s South End, was designed by Patrick Keely; an American nineteenth century ecclesiastical architect. Built in the Gothic Revival style it is constructed of Pudding stone, with gray limestone trim, it is the largest church in New England.

In 1860, Bishop Fitzpatrick recognizing that the Catholic population in Boston had outgrown the “old Cathedral” that had once stood on Franklin Street initiated plans for the construction of the present cathedral; unfortunately the Civil War interrupted these plans and work on the new cathedral did not resume until after the war. Ground was broken for the new cathedral on April 29, 1866. The rites of dedication were performed on December 8, 1875 by Archbishop John J. Williams, Boston's first archbishop.

A note worthy detail is the cathedral’s organ. It is a Hook and Hastings pipe organ built in 1875, the largest organ manufactured by that company.

On October 1, 1979, Pope John Paul II visited the Cathedral.

The the Ecclesiastica Province of Boston.

Archdiocese of Boston

Diocese of Burlington
Diocese of Fall River
Diocese of Manchester
Diocese of Portland in Maine
Diocese of Worcester
Diocese of Springfield

Cathedral of St. Augustine (Ct)

Diocese of Bridgeport Con.

St. Augustine Cathedral in Bridgeport, Connecticut was built in 1869, though it is not the largest church in the diocese it was nevertheless chosen to be the seat of the bishops of Bridgeport in 1953 upon the split of the new diocese from the Archdiocese of Hartford.
It went through a major renovation in 2003 and its capacity was expanded to 750 people.

Cathedral of Saint Patrick

Diocese of Norwich Conn.

Located in the heart of the little New England town of Norwich Connecticut, with its imposing stone façade of the Cathedral of St. Patrick has been a prominent fixture of Norwich since 1879 when it was built by the James Murphy of Providence R.I., as a parish church. Upon the creation of the diocese of Norwich in 1953 the then first bishop the diocese chose St. Patrick’s for his cathedral because of its beauty and centrality of location.

Cathedral of S.S. Peter and Paul

Diocese of Providence R.I.

The first structure on the site of the present cathedral was a small church, built to provide a place of worship to the then limited number of Catholics in Rhode Island. This structure was dedicated as the Church of SS. Peter and Paul on November 4, 1838.

In 1844, the Diocese of Hartford was created. The new diocese included the states of Connecticut, Rhode Island and also, Cape Cod. Bishop Tyler, the first bishop of Hartford, decided to make the city of Providence, which was central in the diocese, his city of residence. Upon arrival in Providence, he chose the Church of SS Peter and Paul as his Cathedral. Land was purchase and the little church enlarged and consecrated as a Cathedral in 1847.

Bishop Tyler died in 1849 and was buried in the crypt of the Cathedral.

In 1858 Right Rev. Francis Patrick McFarland was consecrated the third bishop of Hartford. As his predecessors before him, Bishop McFarland continued to live in providence.

In 1872, the Diocese of Providence was created and the Bishop of Hartford moved to Hartford.

The old Cathedral, only forty years old was in a state of bad repair, and plans for the construction of a new cathedral were undertaken.

On Thanksgiving Day of 1878 the cornerstone of the present (new) Cathedral was laid in its place. The Cathedral itself was not consecrated until Sunday, June 30, 1889.

In 1968, in anticipation of the 100th anniversary of the founding of the diocese, a massive renovation program was begun. This renovation was designed to refurbish the Cathedral in line with the supposed liturgical reforms of the second Vatican Council. The renovation process took more then three years to complete.

Cathedral of St. Joseph (Hartford)

Archdiocese of Hartford (CT)

*July 17, 1872
Purchase of the old Morgan estate on Farmington Avenue for $75,000 by Bishop Patrick F. McFarland.

*Nov. 27, 1873
Dedication of the chapel of the Sisters of Mercy by Bishop McFarland; chapel was to serve as the pro-Cathedral until the Cathedral would be built.

*Aug. 30, 1876
Breaking of ground for the construction of the Cathedral by Bishop Thomas Galberry, O.S.A.

*Sep. 13, 1876
First stone laid by Bishop Galberry.

*Feb. 10, 1878
Basement of the Cathedral dedicated and opened for worship by Bishop Galberry.

*May 8, 1892
Dedication and consecration of the Cathedral by Bishop Lawrence S. McMahon,
The architect was Patrick C. Keely of New York.

*Dec. 31, 1956
Fire of undetermined origin destroyed the Cathedral, leaving nothing to be salvaged according to experts.

*Sep. 8, 1958
Groundbreaking for the new Cathedral by Archbishop Henry J. O'Brien.

*May 15, 1962
Consecration of the completed Cathedral of St. Joseph by Auxiliary Bishop Hackett.

The Cathedral of St. Joseph

Diocese of Buffalo.

The cathedral of the Diocese of Buffalo New York was consecrated in 1855. Pope Pius IX recommended to bishop Timon that the cathedral be named in honor of St. Joseph, a statue of the patron graces the entrance to the Cathedral today and has 1862. The cathedral itself was consecrated in 1863.

In 1912, a new church at the corner of Delaware Ave. and Utica was planned for designation as the cathedral for the diocese by Bishop Charles, E. Colton. Plagued by serious flaws in design and construction, the “New Cathedral” was finally abandoned in 1977, at which time St. Joseph's Cathedral regained its status as the bishop's church

Cathedral of the Immaculate Conception

Diocese of Syracuse.

In 1904, “Old” St. Mary’s, the oldest church in the diocese of Syracuse, and originally constructed in 1874 by Lawrence J. O’Connor, was selected to replace St. John’s as the Cathedral of the diocese.

The Cathedral is built in the Neo-Gothic style prevalent in the late 19th century and boasts a magnificent Tiffany window in the back wall of the sanctuary, above the High Altar.

Sacred Heart Cathedral

Diocese of Rochester

The Roman Catholic Diocese of Rochester was founded on March 3, 1868 its cathedral was built in 1927 and has been recently radically remodeled in its interior.

Cathedral of Saint Agnes

Diocese of Rockville Center.

The present site of the Cathedral of Saint Agnes was once occupied by an earlier marble church structure consecrated in 1904, by 1933 the parish church of Saint Agnes proved too small for the growing Catholic population of Rockville Center. The old marble church gave way to a new structure constructed in the Norman Gothic style by the renowned architect Gustave E. Steinbeck.

In 1935 Archbishop Thomas E. Molloy, the Bishop of Brooklyn consecrated the new structure. In 1957 Pope Pius XII split the diocese of Brooklyn and created the new diocese of Rockville Center, with Saint Agnes as the new cathedral.

In 1982 the Cathedral underwent extensive changes to its interior bringing it into conformity with what some at the time understood the conciliar changes demanded. It’s elegant and noted neo-medieval style gave way to more modern fashion.

Cathedral of Saint Mary

Diocese of Ogdensburg

The Cathedral of St. Mary began its existence in 1832 as a small wooden mission chapel built by Fr. James Salmon, first resident pastor of St. Lawrence County.

In 1852 the cornerstone of the new St. Mary’s Church, which in time became the first cathedral, was blessed by Fr. James Mackey.

On February 25, 1872 the diocese of Ogdensburg was created and bishop Wadhams was appointed its first bishop. The new bishop chose St. Mary’s as his Cathedral. The Cathedral was added to in different stages and on September 8th 1898, the Cathedral was consecrated solemnly by the Apostolic delegate to the United States.

On the night of November 25, 1947 fire destroyed the Cathedral and immediately rebuilding efforts were begun. On 20th May 1950 the cornerstone of the new cathedral was blessed and laid in its place. On October 22 1952 Cardinal Spellman consecrated the new structure.

Cathedral of the Immaculate Conception

Diocese of Albany

The Cathedral of the Immaculate Conception is located on Madison Avenue hill overlooking the Hudson River.

Completed in 1852 it was consecrated by the Most Reverend John Hughes, Archbishop of New York.

The spires of the cathedral were built approximately twenty-five years apart. The northern spire was completed in 1862. The Cathedral’s southern spire on the other hand was constructed in 1888.

The Cathedral’s bells were blessed by Bishop McCloskey on November 16, 1862. They were placed in the north tower and rang for the first time on the eve of the Feast of the Immaculate Conception, December 8, 1862. The bells were cast in West Troy (Watervliet), New York in the legendary Meneely Bell Foundry.

The Basilica-Cathedral of Saint James

Diocese of Brooklyn.

The first St. James (parish) church—the present structure was completed in 1902—was built on the same location that the basilica cathedral occupies today. At its opening it held the distinction of being the only Catholic church in all of Long Island, today it is the third oldest Catholic church in New York City. The church was formally dedicated on August of 1823.

In 1853, the Diocese of Brooklyn was carved out from the Archdiocese of New York, and Bishop John Loughlin was appointed by the Holy See as its first bishop. The new bishop selected St. James to be his pro-cathedral with the expectation that a new, more suitable cathedral would be built. The hoped for new cathedral was never erected, and the pro-cathedral became the permanent seat of the Bishops of Brooklyn.

On May 6, 1982, during the 160th anniversary year of its founding, the Cathedral of Saint James was designating a minor basilica by Pope John Paul II.

St. Patrick’s Cathedral

Archdiocese of New York

Designed by the celebrated 19th century architect James Renwick, Jr., in the Neo-Gothic style, the Cathedral of St. Patrick on 5th avenue in Manhattan stands as the singular most recognized monument to the memory of New York’s first Archbishop, John Joseph Hughes. Work on the cathedral was started in 1858, and the cathedral was not consecrated until May of 1879.

In 1901 construction of the Lady Chapel was begun. Cardinal Spellman renovated the sanctuary of the cathedral replacing the high altar with a new high altar and bronze baldachino. St. Patrick’s Cathedral has the distinction of having been visited by three popes; Paul VI, John Paul II and Benedict XVI. In addition Eugenio Cardinal Pacelli (later to become Pope Pius XII) visited the cathedral as Secretary of State for Pope Pius XI.

The Co-Cathedral of Mary Our Queen

Archdiocese of Baltimore

The Co-Cathedral of Mary Our Queen was consecrated by Bishop Jerome Sebastian on October 13, 1959. The construction of the Co-Cathedral was largely financed by funds donated by Mr. Thomas O’Neill of Baltimore, in whose honor the chapel of St. Thomas More was constructed. The architectural style of the sandstone and brick structure, located at the northern end of the city, near St. Mary’s Seminary and Loyola University is late art deco. The Co-Cathedral has the distinction of having been visited by Pope John Paul II, a plaque located at the entrance to the chapel of the Blessed Sacrament commemorates the Holy Father’s visit.

Cathedrals of the United States.

Basilica and Co-cathedral of the Assumption
of the Blessed Virgin Mary
Baltimore Maryland.

Cathedral of Baltimore.

After the war of independence the Holy See permitted the establishment, in the new republic, of a native hierarchy. Baltimore, because of the large concentration of American Catholics in that city, and because of the city's historical connection to the development of English speaking Catholicism in the New World was chosen as the See City for the new diocese. In 1806 the Cathedral of the Assumption of the Blessed Virgin Mary was consecrated and became the first cathedral of American Catholicism. Since it open it has been elevated to the rank of a Basilica, and enjoys the title of Co-Cathedral of the Arch-diocese of Baltimore. This magnificent edifice has been a focal point of Catholic life in the United States, functioning not only as the heart of the Diocese and after the Arch-diocese of Baltimore, but as the location for three local councils and a host of other national Catholic events.

An view of the interior of the Basilica
after the renovation project of 2004.

Christopher Columbus Day

"The Discovery of the Americas"
by the Catalan artist Dali.

Christopher Columbus; destined herald of the true faith to half of the human race.

XLVI anniversary of the opening of the Council

October 11th 1962 His Holiness Pope John XXIII solemnly opened

the second ecumenical council to be held at the Vatican.

Unlike previous ecumenical councils, the Second Vatican Council was not held to combat contemporary heresies or deal with awkward disciplinary questions but simply, in the words of Pope John's opening message, to renew "ourselves and the flocks committed to us, so that there may radiate before all men the lovable features of Jesus Christ, who shines in our hearts that God's splendor may be revealed."

Our Lady of Sorrows

The Seven Sorrows of Our Lady:

1. The prophecy of Simeon (Luke 2:25-35)
   
   
2. The flight into Egypt (Matthew 2:13-15)
   
   
3. Loss of the Child Jesus for three days (Luke 2:41-50)
   
   
4. Mary meets Jesus on his way to Calvary (Luke 23:27-31; John 19:17)
   
   
5. Crucifixion and Death of Jesus (John 19:25-30)
   
   
6. The body of Jesus being taken from the Cross (Psalm 130; Luke 23:50-54; John 19:31-37)
   
   
7. The burial of Jesus (Isaiah 53:8; Luke 23:50-56; John 19:38-42; Mark 15:40-47)

Requiescant in Pace

The Martyrs of Valencia

Spanish leftest supporters of the Republic carry
out the symbolic execution of
the Sacred Heart .

Blessed Jose Aparicio Sanz
and 232 companions in Martydom.

Feast: 22 September

Father Jose Aparicio Sanz served as archpriest in his native village of Enguera, Spain, in the archdiocese of Valencia. As the Spanish Civil War continued in the autumn of 1936, forces of the anti-Catholic Popular Front arrested Father Aparicio and imprisoned him together with fourteen other diocesan priests in a jail at Mislata. From October 5 through Christmas of that year, the incarcerated priests spent their time repeatedly praying the rosary and reciting other devotional prayers. On December 29, 1936, the forty-three-year-old Father Aparicio was brought to a location known as Picadero de Paterna to be executed along with approximately thirty other prisoners. Among the others put to death for the Catholic faith was the thirty-three-year-old curate of Father Aparicio’s parish of Enguera, Father Enrique Juan Requena. Another of the martyrs was Jose Perpina Nacher, a twenty-five-year-old married layman who had worked as a lawyer and a telegraph operator.

SYLLABUS OF ERRORS

Coat of Arms of His Holiness
Saint Pius X




LAMENTABILI SANE

August 21
N.O. feast of Pope Pius X

On this feast (according to the calendar of the Novus Ordo) of Saint Pius X, it is appropriate, I believe, to reflect a little on one of the most significant documents of his saintly pontificate.

His Holiness, Pius X, by Divine Providence, Pope, has decided that the chief errors should be noted and condemned by the Office of this Holy Roman and Universal Inquisition…by this general decree, they are condemned and proscribed.

1. The ecclesiastical law which prescribes that books concerning the Divine Scriptures are subject to previous examination does not apply to critical scholars and students of scientific exegesis of the Old and New Testament.

2. The Church's interpretation of the Sacred Books is by no means to be rejected; nevertheless, it is subject to the more accurate judgment and correction of the exegetes.

3. From the ecclesiastical judgments and censures passed against free and more scientific exegesis, one can conclude that the Faith the Church proposes contradicts history and that Catholic teaching cannot really be reconciled with the true origins of the Christian religion.

4. Even by dogmatic definitions the Church's magisterium cannot determine the genuine sense of the Sacred Scriptures.

5. Since the deposit of Faith contains only revealed truths, the Church has no right to pass judgment on the assertions of the human sciences.

6. The "Church learning" and the "Church teaching" collaborate in such a way in defining truths that it only remains for the "Church teaching" to sanction the opinions of the "Church learning."

7. In proscribing errors, the Church cannot demand any internal assent from the faithful by which the judgments she issues are to be embraced.

8. They are free from all blame who treat lightly the condemnations passed by the Sacred Congregation of the Index or by the Roman Congregations.

9. They display excessive simplicity or ignorance who believe that God is really the author of the Sacred Scriptures. 10. The inspiration of the books of the Old Testament consists in this: The Israelite writers handed down religious doctrines under a peculiar aspect which was either little or not at all known to the Gentiles.

11. Divine inspiration does not extend to all of Sacred Scriptures so that it renders its parts, each and every one, free from every error.

12. If he wishes to apply himself usefully to Biblical studies, the exegete must first put aside all preconceived opinions about the supernatural origin of Sacred Scripture and interpret it the same as any other merely human document.

13. The Evangelists themselves, as well as the Christians of the second and third generation, artificially arranged the evangelical parables. In such a way they explained the scanty fruit of the preaching of Christ among the Jews.

14. In many narrations the Evangelists recorded, not so much things that are true, as things which, even though false, they judged to be more profitable for their readers.

15. Until the time the canon was defined and constituted, the Gospels were increased by additions and corrections. Therefore there remained in them only a faint and uncertain trace of the doctrine of Christ.

16. The narrations of John are not properly history, but a mystical contemplation of the Gospel. The discourses contained in his Gospel are theological meditations, lacking historical truth concerning the mystery of salvation.

17. The fourth Gospel exaggerated miracles not only in order that the extraordinary might stand out but also in order that it might become more suitable for showing forth the work and glory of the Word lncarnate.

18. John claims for himself the quality of witness concerning Christ. In reality, however, he is only a distinguished witness of the Christian life, or of the life of Christ in the Church at the close of the first century.

19. Heterodox exegetes have expressed the true sense of the Scriptures more faithfully than Catholic exegetes.

20. Revelation could be nothing else than the consciousness man acquired of his revelation to God.

21. Revelation, constituting the object of the Catholic faith, was not completed with the Apostles.

22. The dogmas the Church holds out as revealed are not truths which have fallen from heaven. They are an interpretation of religious facts which the human mind has acquired by laborious effort.

23. Opposition may, and actually does, exist between the facts narrated in Sacred Scripture and the Church's dogmas which rest on them. Thus the critic may reject as false facts the Church holds as most certain.

24. The exegete who constructs premises from which it follows that dogmas are historically false or doubtful is not to be reproved as long as he does not directly deny the dogmas themselves .

25. The assent of faith ultimately rests on a mass of probabilities .

26. The dogmas of the Faith are to be held only according to their practical sense; that is to say, as preceptive norms of conduct and not as norms of believing.

27. The divinity of Jesus Christ is not proved from the Gospels. It is a dogma which the Christian conscience has derived from the notion of the Messias.

28. While He was exercising His ministry, Jesus did not speak with the object of teaching He was the Messias, nor did His miracles tend to prove it.

29. It is permissible to grant that the Christ of history is far inferior to the Christ Who is the object of faith.

30 In all the evangelical texts the name "Son of God'' is equivalent only to that of "Messias." It does not in the least way signify that Christ is the true and natural Son of God.

31. The doctrine concerning Christ taught by Paul, John, and the Councils of Nicea, Ephesus and Chalcedon is not that which Jesus taught but that which the Christian conscience conceived concerning Jesus.

32. It is impossible to reconcile the natural sense of the Gospel texts with the sense taught by our theologians concerning the conscience and the infallible knowledge of Jesus Christ.

33 Everyone who is not led by preconceived opinions can readily see that either Jesus professed an error concerning the immediate Messianic coming or the greater part of His doctrine as contained in the Gospels is destitute of authenticity.

34. The critics can ascribe to Christ a knowledge without limits only on a hypothesis which cannot be historically conceived and which is repugnant to the moral sense. That hypothesis is that Christ as man possessed the knowledge of God and yet was unwilling to communicate the knowledge of a great many things to His disciples and posterity.

35. Christ did not always possess the consciousness of His Messianic dignity.

36. The Resurrection of the Savior is not properly a fact of the historical order. It is a fact of merely the supernatural order (neither demonstrated nor demonstrable) which the Christian conscience gradually derived from other facts.

37. In the beginning, faith in the Resurrection of Christ was not so much in the fact itself of the Resurrection as in the immortal life of Christ with God.

38. The doctrine of the expiatory death of Christ is Pauline and not evangelical.

39. The opinions concerning the origin of the Sacraments which the Fathers of Trent held and which certainly influenced their dogmatic canons are very different from those which now rightly exist among historians who examine Christianity .

40. The Sacraments have their origin in the fact that the Apostles and their successors, swayed and moved by circumstances and events, interpreted some idea and intention of Christ.

41. The Sacraments are intended merely to recall to man's mind the ever-beneficent presence of the Creator.

42. The Christian community imposed the necessity of Baptism, adopted it as a necessary rite, and added to it the obligation of the Christian profession.

43. The practice of administering Baptism to infants was a disciplinary evolution, which became one of the causes why the Sacrament was divided into two, namely, Baptism and Penance.

44. There is nothing to prove that the rite of the Sacrament of Confirmation was employed by the Apostles. The formal distinction of the two Sacraments of Baptism and Confirmation does not pertain to the history of primitive Christianity.

45. Not everything which Paul narrates concerning the institution of the Eucharist (I Cor. 11:23-25) is to be taken historically.

46. In the primitive Church the concept of the Christian sinner reconciled by the authority of the Church did not exist. Only very slowly did the Church accustom herself to this concept. As a matter of fact, even after Penance was recognized as an institution of the Church, it was not called a Sacrament since it would be held as a disgraceful Sacrament.

47. The words of the Lord, "Receive the Holy Spirit; whose sins you shall forgive, they are forgiven them; and whose sins you shall retain, they are retained'' (John 20:22-23), in no way refer to the Sacrament of Penance, in spite of what it pleased the Fathers of Trent to say.

48. In his Epistle (Ch. 5:14-15) James did not intend to promulgate a Sacrament of Christ but only commend a pious custom. If in this custom he happens to distinguish a means of grace, it is not in that rigorous manner in which it was taken by the theologians who laid down the notion and number of the Sacraments.

49. When the Christian supper gradually assumed the nature of a liturgical action those who customarily presided over the supper acquired the sacerdotal character.

50. The elders who fulfilled the office of watching over the gatherings of the faithful were instituted by the Apostles as priests or bishops to provide for the necessary ordering of the increasing communities and not properly for the perpetuation of the Apostolic mission and power.

51. It is impossible that Matrimony could have become a Sacrament of the new law until later in the Church since it was necessary that a full theological explication of the doctrine of grace and the Sacraments should first take place before Matrimony should be held as a Sacrament.

52. It was far from the mind of Christ to found a Church as a society which would continue on earth for a long course.

of centuries. On the contrary, in the mind of Christ the kingdom of heaven together with the end of the world was about to come immediately.

53. The organic constitution of the Church is not immutable. Like human society, Christian society is subject to a perpetual evolution.

54. Dogmas, Sacraments and hierarchy, both their notion and reality, are only interpretations and evolutions of the Christian intelligence which have increased and perfected by an external series of additions the little germ latent in the Gospel.

55. Simon Peter never even suspected that Christ entrusted the primacy in the Church to him.

56. The Roman Church became the head of all the churches, not through the ordinance of Divine Providence, but merely through political conditions.

57. The Church has shown that she is hostile to the progress of the natural and theological sciences.

58. Truth is no more immutable than man himself, since it evolved with him, in him, and through him.

59. Christ did not teach a determined body of doctrine applicable to all times and all men, but rather inaugurated a religious movement adapted or to be adapted to different times and places.

60. Christian Doctrine was originally Judaic. Through successive evolutions it became first Pauline, then Joannine, finally Hellenic and universal.

61. It may be said without paradox that there is no chapter of Scripture, from the first of Genesis to the last of the Apocalypse, which contains a doctrine absolutely identical with that which the Church teaches on the same matter. For the same reason, therefore, no chapter of Scripture has the same sense for the critic and the theologian.

62. The chief articles of the Apostles' Creed did not have the same sense for the Christians of the first ages as they have for the Christians of our time.

63. The Church shows that she is incapable of effectively maintaining evangelical ethics since she obstinately clings to immutable doctrines which cannot be reconciled with modern progress.

64. Scientific progress demands that the concepts of Christian doctrine concerning God, creation, revelation, the Person of the Incarnate Word, and Redemption be re-adjusted.

65. Modern Catholicism can be reconciled with true science only if it is transformed into a non-dogmatic Christianity; that is to say, into a broad and liberal Protestantism.

The Dogma of The Assumption of Our Lady

From the Apostolic Constitution
Munificentissimus Deus:
On the bodily assumption
of the Mother God into the glory
of Heaven

…[F]or the glory of Almighty God who has lavished his special affection upon the Virgin Mary, for the honor of her Son, the immortal King of the Ages and the Victor over sin and death, for the increase of the glory of that same august Mother, and for the joy and exultation of the entire Church; by the authority of our Lord Jesus Christ, of the Blessed Apostles Peter and Paul, and by our own authority, we pronounce, declare, and define it to be a divinely revealed dogma:

That the Immaculate Mother of God, the ever Virgin Mary, having completed the course of her earthly life, was assumed body and soul into heavenly glory.

Hence if anyone, which God forbid, should dare willfully to deny or to call into doubt that which we have defined, let him know that he has fallen away completely from the divine and Catholic Faith.

___Pope Pius XII
Rome, November 1, 1950.

Saint Dominic

Saint Dominic Guzman

Feast: August 4th
August 8th (new rite)

During the first years of the 13th century, Dominic de Guzman, a young Spanish priest of noble birth, won the permission of Pope Innocent III to labor among the Albigensian heretics in France. He brought thousands of heretics back to the Faith, and nine of his women converts became the first Dominican nuns of the Second Order. In 1210 Dominic obtained papal sanction for his preaching order of men, thus originating the revolutionary "mixed" vocation, at once monastic and active. With inspired boldness he dispersed his Friars Preachers to centers of civilization in Spain, France, Italy, and Central Europe. He died at Bologna in 1221, leaving to his religious family a strong theological character and the great ideal of leading souls to the freedom of God by instructing them in truth. Tradition records a beautiful spiritual friendship with his contemporary apostle-founder St. Francis of Assisi.

SERMON OF H.H. BENEDICT XVI

SERMON OF H.H. BENEDICT XVI

VIGIL OF THE XXIII WORLD YOUTH DAY
SYDNEY, AUSTRALIA

July 19, 2008

Dear Young People,

Once again this evening we have heard Christ’s great promise – "you will receive power when the Holy Spirit has come upon you". And we have heard his summons – "be my witnesses throughout the world" – (Acts 1:8). These were the very last words which Jesus spoke before his Ascension into heaven. How the Apostles felt upon hearing them, we can only imagine. But we do know that their deep love for Jesus, and their trust in his word, prompted them to gather and to wait; to wait not aimlessly, but together, united in prayer, with the women and Mary in the Upper Room (cf. Acts 1:14). Tonight, we do the same. Gathered before our much-travelled Cross and the icon of Mary, and under the magnificent constellation of the Southern Cross, we pray. Tonight, I am praying for you and for young people throughout the world. Be inspired by the example of your Patrons! Accept into your hearts and minds the sevenfold gift of the Holy Spirit! Recognize and believe in the power of the Spirit in your lives!

The other day we talked of the unity and harmony of God’s creation and our place within it. We recalled how in the great gift of baptism we, who are made in God’s image and likeness, have been reborn, we have become God’s adopted children, a new creation. And so it is as children of Christ’s light – symbolized by the lit candles you now hold – that we bear witness in our world to the radiance no darkness can overcome (cf. Jn 1:5).

Tonight we focus our attention on how to become witnesses. We need to understand the person of the Holy Spirit and his vivifying presence in our lives. This is not easy to comprehend. Indeed the variety of images found in scripture referring to the Spirit – wind, fire, breath – indicate our struggle to articulate an understanding of him. Yet we do know that it is the Holy Spirit who, though silent and unseen, gives direction and definition to our witness to Jesus Christ.

You are already well aware that our Christian witness is offered to a world which in many ways is fragile. The unity of God’s creation is weakened by wounds which run particularly deep when social relations break apart, or when the human spirit is all but crushed through the exploitation and abuse of persons. Indeed, society today is being fragmented by a way of thinking that is inherently short-sighted, because it disregards the full horizon of truth– the truth about God and about us. By its nature, relativism fails to see the whole picture. It ignores the very principles which enable us to live and flourish in unity, order and harmony.

What is our response, as Christian witnesses, to a divided and fragmented world? How can we offer the hope of peace, healing and harmony to those "stations" of conflict, suffering, and tension through which you have chosen to march with this World Youth Day Cross? Unity and reconciliation cannot be achieved through our efforts alone. God has made us for one another (cf. Gen 2:24) and only in God and his Church can we find the unity we seek. Yet, in the face of imperfections and disappointments – both individual and institutional – we are sometimes tempted to construct artificially a "perfect" community. That temptation is not new. The history of the Church includes many examples of attempts to bypass or override human weaknesses or failures in order to create a perfect unity, a spiritual utopia.

Such attempts to construct unity in fact undermine it! To separate the Holy Spirit from Christ present in the Church’s institutional structure would compromise the unity of the Christian community, which is precisely the Spirit’s gift! It would betray the nature of the Church as the living temple of the Holy Spirit (cf. 1 Cor 3:16). It is the Spirit, in fact, who guides the Church in the way of all truth and unifies her in communion and in the works of ministry (cf. Lumen Gentium, 4). Unfortunately the temptation to "go it alone" persists. Some today portray their local community as somehow separate from the so-called institutional Church, by speaking of the former as flexible and open to the Spirit and the latter as rigid and devoid of the Spirit.

Unity is of the essence of the Church (cf. Catechism of the Catholic Church, 813); it is a gift we must recognize and cherish. Tonight, let us pray for the resolve to nurture unity: contribute to it! resist any temptation to walk away! For it is precisely the comprehensiveness, the vast vision, of our faith – solid yet open, consistent yet dynamic, true yet constantly growing in insight – that we can offer our world. Dear young people, is it not because of your faith that friends in difficulty or seeking meaning in their lives have turned to you? Be watchful! Listen! Through the dissonance and division of our world, can you hear the concordant voice of humanity? From the forlorn child in a Darfur camp, or a troubled teenager, or an anxious parent in any suburb, or perhaps even now from the depth of your own heart, there emerges the same human cry for recognition, for belonging, for unity. Who satisfies that essential human yearning to be one, to be immersed in communion, to be built up, to be led to truth? The Holy Spirit! This is the Spirit’s role: to bring Christ’s work to fulfilment. Enriched with the Spirit’s gifts, you will have the power to move beyond the piecemeal, the hollow utopia, the fleeting, to offer the consistency and certainty of Christian witness!

Friends, when reciting the Creed we state: "We believe in the Holy Spirit, the Lord, the giver of life". The "Creator Spirit" is the power of God giving life to all creation and the source of new and abundant life in Christ. The Spirit sustains the Church in union with the Lord and in fidelity to the apostolic Tradition. He inspired the Sacred Scriptures and he guides God’s People into the fullness of truth (cf. Jn 16:13) In all these ways the Spirit is the "giver of life", leading us into the very heart of God. So, the more we allow the Spirit to direct us, the more perfect will be our configuration to Christ and the deeper our immersion in the life of the Triune God.

This sharing in God’s nature (cf. 2 Pet 1:4) occurs in the unfolding of the everyday moments of our lives where he is always present (cf. Bar 3:38). There are times, however, when we might be tempted to seek a certain fulfilment apart from God. Jesus himself asked the Twelve: "do you also wish to go away?" Such drifting away perhaps offers the illusion of freedom. But where does it lead? To whom would we go? For in our hearts we know that it is the Lord who has "the words of eternal life" (Jn 6:67-68). To turn away from him is only a futile attempt to escape from ourselves (cf. Saint Augustine, Confessions VIII, 7). God is with us in the reality of life, not the fantasy! It is embrace, not escape, that we seek! So the Holy Spirit gently but surely steers us back to what is real, what is lasting, what is true. It is the Spirit who leads us back into the communion of the Blessed Trinity!

The Holy Spirit has been in some ways the neglected person of the Blessed Trinity. A clear understanding of the Spirit almost seems beyond our reach. Yet, when I was a small boy, my parents, like yours, taught me the Sign of the Cross. So, I soon came to realize that there is one God in three Persons, and that the Trinity is the centre of our Christian faith and life. While I grew up to have some understanding of God the Father and the Son – the names already conveyed much – my understanding of the third person of the Trinity remained incomplete. So, as a young priest teaching theology, I decided to study the outstanding witnesses to the Spirit in the Church’s history. It was on this journey that I found myself reading, among others, the great Saint Augustine.

Augustine’s understanding of the Holy Spirit evolved gradually; it was a struggle. As a young man he had followed Manichaeism - one of those attempts I mentioned earlier, to create a spiritual utopia by radically separating the things of the spirit from the things of the flesh. Hence he was at first suspicious of the Christian teaching that God had become man. Yet his experience of the love of God present in the Church led him to investigate its source in the life of the Triune God. This led him to three particular insights about the Holy Spirit as the bond of unity within the Blessed Trinity: unity as communion, unity as abiding love, and unity as giving and gift. These three insights are not just theoretical. They help explain how the Spirit works. In a world where both individuals and communities often suffer from an absence of unity or cohesion, these insights help us remain attuned to the Spirit and to extend and clarify the scope of our witness.

So, with Augustine’s help, let us illustrate something of the Holy Spirit’s work. He noted that the two words "Holy" and "Spirit" refer to what is divine about God; in other words what is shared by the Father and the Son – their communion. So, if the distinguishing characteristic of the Holy Spirit is to be what is shared by the Father and the Son, Augustine concluded that the Spirit’s particular quality is unity. It is a unity of lived communion: a unity of persons in a relationship of constant giving, the Father and the Son giving themselves to each other. We begin to glimpse, I think, how illuminating is this understanding of the Holy Spirit as unity, as communion. True unity could never be founded upon relationships which deny the equal dignity of other persons. Nor is unity simply the sum total of the groups through which we sometimes attempt to "define" ourselves. In fact, only in the life of communion is unity sustained and human identity fulfilled: we recognize the common need for God, we respond to the unifying presence of the Holy Spirit, and we give ourselves to one another in service.

Augustine’s second insight – the Holy Spirit as abiding love – comes from his study of the First Letter of Saint John. John tells us that "God is love" (1 Jn 4:16). Augustine suggests that while these words refer to the Trinity as a whole they express a particular characteristic of the Holy Spirit. Reflecting on the lasting nature of love - "whoever abides in love remains in God and God in him" (ibid.) - he wondered: is it love or the Holy Spirit which grants the abiding? This is the conclusion he reaches: "The Holy Spirit makes us remain in God and God in us; yet it is love that effects this. The Spirit therefore is God as love!" (De Trinitate, 15.17.31). It is a beautiful explanation: God shares himself as love in the Holy Spirit. What further understanding might we gain from this insight? Love is the sign of the presence of the Holy Spirit! Ideas or voices which lack love – even if they seem sophisticated or knowledgeable – cannot be "of the Spirit". Furthermore, love has a particular trait: far from being indulgent or fickle, it has a task or purpose to fulfil: to abide. By its nature love is enduring. Again, dear friends, we catch a further glimpse of how much the Holy Spirit offers our world: love which dispels uncertainty; love which overcomes the fear of betrayal; love which carries eternity within; the true love which draws us into a unity that abides!

The third insight – the Holy Spirit as gift – Augustine derived from meditating on a Gospel passage we all know and love: Christ’s conversation with the Samaritan woman at the well. Here Jesus reveals himself as the giver of the living water (cf. Jn 4:10) which later is explained as the Holy Spirit (cf. Jn 7:39; 1 Cor 12:13). The Spirit is "God’s gift" (Jn 4:10) - the internal spring (cf. Jn 4:14), who truly satisfies our deepest thirst and leads us to the Father. From this observation Augustine concludes that God sharing himself with us as gift is the Holy Spirit (cf. De Trinitate, 15, 18, 32). Friends, again we catch a glimpse of the Trinity at work: the Holy Spirit is God eternally giving himself; like a never-ending spring he pours forth nothing less than himself. In view of this ceaseless gift, we come to see the limitations of all that perishes, the folly of the consumerist mindset. We begin to understand why the quest for novelty leaves us unsatisfied and wanting. Are we not looking for an eternal gift? The spring that will never run dry? With the Samaritan woman, let us exclaim: give me this water that I may thirst no more! (cf. Jn 4:15).

Dear young people, we have seen that it is the Holy Spirit who brings about the wonderful communion of believers in Jesus Christ. True to his nature as giver and gift alike, he is even now working through you. Inspired by the insights of Saint Augustine: let unifying love be your measure; abiding love your challenge; self-giving love your mission!

Tomorrow, that same gift of the Spirit will be solemnly conferred upon our confirmation candidates. I shall pray: "give them the spirit of wisdom and understanding, the spirit of right judgement and courage, the spirit of knowledge and reverence … and fill them with the spirit of wonder and awe". These gifts of the Spirit – each of which, as Saint Francis de Sales reminds us, is a way to participate in the one love of God – are neither prizes nor rewards. They are freely given (cf. 1 Cor 12:11). And they require only one response on the part of the receiver: I accept! Here we sense something of the deep mystery of being Christian. What constitutes our faith is not primarily what we do but what we receive. After all, many generous people who are not Christian may well achieve far more than we do. Friends, do you accept being drawn into God’s Trinitarian life? Do you accept being drawn into his communion of love?

The Spirit’s gifts working within us give direction and definition to our witness. Directed to unity, the gifts of the Spirit bind us more closely to the whole Body of Christ (cf. Lumen Gentium, 11), equipping us better to build up the Church in order to serve the world (cf. Eph 4:13). They call us to active and joyful participation in the life of the Church: in parishes and ecclesial movements, in religious education classes, in university chaplaincies and other catholic organizations. Yes, the Church must grow in unity, must be strengthened in holiness, must be rejuvenated, must be constantly renewed (cf. Lumen Gentium, 4). But according to whose standard? The Holy Spirit’s! Turn to him, dear young people, and you will find the true meaning of renewal.

Tonight, gathered under the beauty of the night sky, our hearts and minds are filled with gratitude to God for the great gift of our Trinitarian faith. We recall our parents and grandparents who walked alongside us when we, as children, were taking our first steps in our pilgrim journey of faith. Now many years later, you have gathered as young adults with the Successor of Peter. I am filled with deep joy to be with you. Let us invoke the Holy Spirit: he is the artisan of God’s works (cf. Catechism of the Catholic Church, 741). Let his gifts shape you! Just as the Church travels the same journey with all humanity, so too you are called to exercise the Spirit’s gifts amidst the ups and downs of your daily life. Let your faith mature through your studies, work, sport, music and art. Let it be sustained by prayer and nurtured by the sacraments, and thus be a source of inspiration and help to those around you. In the end, life is not about accumulation. It is much more than success. To be truly alive is to be transformed from within, open to the energy of God’s love. In accepting the power of the Holy Spirit you too can transform your families, communities and nations. Set free the gifts! Let wisdom, courage, awe and reverence be the marks of greatness!

Why the sacred rites of the Church ?

Pontifical Mass celebrated before the Pope
at the Altar of the Sistine Chapel.

"...Since the nature of man is such that he cannot without external means be raised easily to meditation on divine things, holy mother Church has instituted certain rites, namely, that some things in the Mass be pronounced in a low tone and others in a louder tone. She has likewise, in accordance with apostolic discipline and tradition, made use of ceremonies, such as mystical blessings, lights, incense, vestments, and many other things of this kind, whereby both the majesty of so great a sacrifice might be emphasized and the minds of the faithful excited by those visible signs of religion and piety to the contemplation of those most sublime things which are hidden in this sacrifice."

____Canons and Decrees of the Council of Trent, 22nd session, September of 1562.

Motu Proprio Day 2008

With deep gratitude to Almighty God, and to Our Holy Father Benedict XVI presently and gloriously reigning upon the throne of the fisherman, a happy first anniversary of the publication of the Apostolic Constitution Summorum Pontificum.

Up to our own times, it has been the constant concern of supreme pontiffs to ensure that the Church of Christ offers a worthy ritual to the Divine Majesty, 'to the praise and glory of His name,' and 'to the benefit of all His Holy Church.'

Since time immemorial it has been necessary - as it is also for the future - to maintain the principle according to which 'each particular Church must concur with the universal Church, not only as regards the doctrine of the faith and the sacramental signs, but also as regards the usages universally accepted by uninterrupted apostolic tradition, which must be observed not only to avoid errors but also to transmit the integrity of the faith, because the Church's law of prayer corresponds to her law of faith.'…

[I]n some regions, no small numbers of faithful adhered and continue to adhere with great love and affection to the earlier liturgical forms. These had so deeply marked their culture and their spirit that in 1984 the Supreme Pontiff John Paul II, moved by a concern for the pastoral care of these faithful, with the special indult 'Quattuor abhinc anno," issued by the Congregation for Divine Worship, granted permission to use the Roman Missal published by Blessed John XXIII in the year 1962. Later, in the year 1988, John Paul II with the Apostolic Letter given as Motu Proprio, 'Ecclesia Dei,' exhorted bishops to make generous use of this power in favor of all the faithful who so desired.

Following the insistent prayers of these faithful, long deliberated upon by our predecessor John Paul II, and after having listened to the views of the Cardinal Fathers of the Consistory of 22 March 2006, having reflected deeply upon all aspects of the question, invoked the Holy Spirit and trusting in the help of God, with these Apostolic Letters we establish the following:

• Art 1. The Roman Missal promulgated by Paul VI is the ordinary expression of the 'Lex orandi' (Law of prayer) of the Catholic Church of the Latin rite. Nonetheless, the Roman Missal promulgated by St. Pius V and reissued by Bl. John XXIII is to be considered as an extraordinary expression of that same 'Lex orandi,' and must be given due honour for its venerable and ancient usage. These two expressions of the Church's Lex orandi will in no any way lead to a division in the Church's 'Lex credendi' (Law of belief). They are, in fact two usages of the one Roman rite.
  
  It is, therefore, permissible to celebrate the Sacrifice of the Mass following the typical edition of the Roman Missal promulgated by Bl. John XXIII in 1962 and never abrogated, as an extraordinary form of the Liturgy of the Church. The conditions for the use of this Missal as laid down by earlier documents 'Quattuor abhinc annis' and 'Ecclesia Dei,' are substituted as follows:

• Art. 2. In Masses celebrated without the people, each Catholic priest of the Latin rite, whether secular or regular, may use the Roman Missal published by Bl. Pope John XXIII in 1962, or the Roman Missal promulgated by Pope Paul VI in 1970, and may do so on any day with the exception of the Easter Triduum. For such celebrations, with either one Missal or the other, the priest has no need for permission from the Apostolic See or from his Ordinary.

• Art. 3. Communities of Institutes of consecrated life and of Societies of apostolic life, of either pontifical or diocesan right, wishing to celebrate Mass in accordance with the edition of the Roman Missal promulgated in 1962, for conventual or "community" celebration in their oratories, may do so. If an individual community or an entire Institute or Society wishes to undertake such celebrations often, habitually or permanently, the decision must be taken by the Superiors Major, in accordance with the law and following their own specific decrees and statues.

• Art. 4. Celebrations of Mass as mentioned above in art. 2 may - observing all the norms of law - also be attended by faithful who, of their own free will, ask to be admitted.

• Art. 5. n.1. In parishes, where there is a stable group of faithful who adhere to the earlier liturgical tradition, the pastor should willingly accept their requests to celebrate the Mass according to the rite of the Roman Missal published in 1962, and ensure that the welfare of these faithful harmonizes with the ordinary pastoral care of the parish, under the guidance of the bishop in accordance with canon 392, avoiding discord and favoring the unity of the whole Church. n. 2. Celebration in accordance with the Missal of
  Bl. John XXIII may take place on working days; while on Sundays and feast days one such celebration may also be held. n.3. For faithful and priests who request it, the pastor should also allow celebrations in this extraordinary form for special circumstances such as marriages, funerals or occasional celebrations, e.g. pilgrimages. n.4. Priests who use the Missal of Bl. John XXIII must be qualified to do so and not juridically impeded. n.5. In churches that are not parish or conventual churches, it is the duty of the Rector of the church to grant the above permission.

• Art. 6. In Masses celebrated in the presence of the people in accordance with the Missal of Bl. John XXIII, the readings may be given in the vernacular, using editions recognized by the Apostolic See.

• Art. 7. If a group of lay faithful, as mentioned in art. 5 n.1., has not obtained satisfaction to their requests from the pastor, they should inform the diocesan bishop. The bishop is strongly requested to satisfy their wishes. If he cannot arrange for such celebration to take place, the matter should be referred to the Pontifical Commission "Ecclesia Dei".

• Art. 8. A bishop who, desirous of satisfying such requests, but who for various reasons is unable to do so, may refer the problem to the Commission "Ecclesia Dei" to obtain counsel and assistance.

• Art. 9. n. 1. The pastor, having attentively examined all aspects, may also grant permission to use the earlier ritual for the administration of the Sacraments of Baptism, Marriage, Penance, and the Anointing of the Sick, if the good of souls would seem to require it. n.2. Ordinaries are given the right to celebrate the Sacrament of Confirmation using the earlier Roman Pontifical, if the good of souls would seem to require it. n. 3. Clerics ordained "in sacris constitutis" may use the Roman Breviary promulgated by Bl. John XXIII in 1962.

• Art. 10. The ordinary of a particular place, if he feels it appropriate, may erect a personal parish in accordance with can. 518 for celebrations following the ancient form of the Roman rite, or appoint a chaplain, while observing all the norms of law.

• Art. 11. The Pontifical Commission "Ecclesia Dei", erected by John Paul II in 1988 (5), continues to exercise its function. Said Commission will have the form, duties and norms that the Roman Pontiff wishes to assign it.

• Art. 12. This Commission, apart from the powers it enjoys, will exercise the authority of the Holy See, supervising the observance and application of these dispositions.
  
  We order that everything We have established with these Apostolic Letters issued as Motu Proprio be considered as "established and decreed", and to be observed from 14 September of this year, Feast of the Exaltation of the Cross, whatever there may be to the contrary.

From Rome, at St. Peter's, 7 July 2007, third year of Our Pontificate.

BENEDICT XVI